高氯酸 Perchloric acid

高氯酸的化學(xué)性質(zhì),質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及用途

無色透明發(fā)煙液體。能與水以任何比例相溶，其水溶液是很好的導(dǎo)電性。是一種強(qiáng)酸，又是強(qiáng)氧化劑，具有強(qiáng)腐蝕性。遇有機(jī)物，在加熱的條件下，會(huì)引起爆炸。
熔點(diǎn)：-122℃
沸點(diǎn)：130℃
密度：1.664
閃點(diǎn)：113 °C

GB/T 623-92
項(xiàng)目Item                                                                      優(yōu)級純      分析純
                                                                                 (GR)        (AR)
含量(HClO₄)Assay,%                                           ≥ 70.0-72.0  70.0-72.0
色度，黑曾單位Color(APHA)                              ≤ 10         15
乙醇不溶物Insoluble matter in ethanol,%        ≤ 0.001      0.002
灼燒殘?jiān)ㄒ粤蛩猁}計(jì)）Ignition residue,%      ≤ 0.003      0.006
氯化鹽(ClO₃)Chlorade,%                                 ≤ 0.001      0.002
氯化物(Cl)Chloride,%                                   ≤ 0.0001     0.0003
游離氯(Cl)Free chlorine,%                              ≤ 0.0005     0.001
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate,%                                   ≤ 0.0005     0.001
總氮量(N)Total nitrogen,%                              ≤ 0.0005     0.001
磷酸鹽(PO₄)Phosphate,%                                 ≤ 0.002      0.0005
硅酸鹽(以SiO₃計(jì))Phosphate,%                            ≤ 0.005      0.005
錳(Mn)Manganese,%                                      ≤ 0.00005     --
鐵(Fe)Iron,%                                           ≤ 0.00005    0.0001
銅(Cu)Copper,%                                         ≤ 0.00001    0.00005
砷(As)Arsenic,%                                        ≤ 0.000005    --
銀(Ag)Silver,%                                         ≤ 0.0005      --
鉛(Pb)Lead,%                                           ≤ 0.00001    0.00005


ACS級
項(xiàng)目名稱Item                                          ACS Grade
純度Purity                                            69.0-72.0%
色度，黑曾單位Color(APHA)                              ≤10
灼燒殘?jiān)黂esidue after ignition                         ≤0.003%
硅酸鹽和磷酸鹽(以SiO₂計(jì))Silicate,and phosphate         ≤5ppm
氯化物(Cl)Chloride(Cl)                                 ≤0.001%
氮化合物(以N計(jì))Nitrogen compounds(as N)                ≤0.001%
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate                                     ≤0.001%
重金屬(以Pb計(jì))Heavy metals(as Pb)                      ≤1ppm
鐵(Fe)Iron(Fe)                                         ≤1ppm


70%, 重蒸餾, 99.999% metals basis：


外觀Appearance                          Colorless Liquid 
純度Purity                              69,0 - 72,0 % (Titration by NaOH)
純度Purity                              ≥99.99% Based On Trace Metals Analysis
痕量金屬分析Trace Metal Analysis        ≤20000,0 ppb by ICP-MS
總金屬雜質(zhì)Total Metallic Impurities 
(Al、Sb、As、Ba、B、Ca、Cr、Co、Cu、Fe、Pb、Mg、Mn、Ni、K、Na、Sn、Ti、V、Zn)

用途  用作鋼鐵分析試劑、氧化劑，也用于高氯酸鹽的制備 
用途  用作氧化劑、催化劑、溶劑、等 
 

類別 氧化劑 
毒性分級 中毒 
危險(xiǎn)品標(biāo)志  C,O,Xi 
危險(xiǎn)類別碼  5-8-35-10-34-36/38 
安全說明  23-26-36-45-36/37/39 
急性毒性 口服-大鼠 LD50:1100 毫克/公斤 
爆炸物危險(xiǎn)特性 易爆 
可燃性危險(xiǎn)特性 助燃； 燃燒產(chǎn)生有毒氯化物煙霧 
儲運(yùn)特性 輕裝輕放; 庫房通風(fēng)、遠(yuǎn)離明火、高溫、陽光; 與還原劑、易燃物分開存放 
滅火劑 霧狀水、泡沫、二氧化碳 
職業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) TWA 1 毫克/立方米; S 2 毫克/立方米